Money Cant Buy Health Essay

Ah, money. The grease that moves America. The love of which has perhaps caused more human anguish than perhaps any other object with the possible exception of abuse of the Bible, Torah or Koran by religious extremists. Money can’t buy health. All the money in the world can’t undo the damage caused by smoking, drug abuse, cancer, sex act, and a thousand other health problems which destroy one’s quality of life. Of course, if you are rich enough you can buy a new kidney or heart. But what is kind of life does one have fighting AIDS, cancer, a dead liver, destroyed lungs or a brain tumor caused by saturating yourself with pesticides, herbicides and other life-destroying chemicals? Money is an essential energy booster needed to see you through your life smoothly. It gives you a status symbol and you are placed in an elevation in the society. You are able to buy the best things available and your materialistic possessions give you a sense of elation. But is money the -be- all -in -life and is it enough if you have a big bank balance and many enviable things which only money can get you. No, nothing can be farther from truth. Money can get you many things in life which will give you a superficial happiness that gets sated very fast. There are many things in life money cannot buy. Can money buy you happiness? Of course it cannot. Happiness is a state of mind which has nothing to do with money. If money is needed to feel happy, then only rich people will be the happiest lot. In fact, it is the rich who feel a vacuum within them as money alienates them from the others. You might ask if money is not important. It is very much important to make you lead a life where your self esteem will not be affected by being dependent on others for your day to day survival. You should strike a correct balance between seeking money for your betterment and a mad rush towards it to keep in pace with other people’s wealth. If you start comparing you always feel lacking. Earn for yourself, not for competing with others. Give priority to your inner wealth, so that you can truly enjoy your materialistic wealth. Money can buy healthcare and medicine, but it cannot replace health once it’s lost. It’s far better to take preventative action such as watching what you eat, exercising, not smoking, and getting regular physicals than to rely on money to save you once your body has started to fail you. Money also can’t buy back your youth. No amount of money you make in the future will replace those days when your body could do anything easily and look good doing it. You can spend thousands on â€Å"treatments† to preserve your youth, but it’s an illusion. Once your youth is gone, no amount of money will get it back. If money could buy peace, I think we’d be there by now.

Operations Decision Essay

This file of ECO 550 Assignment 2 Operations Decision consists of: 1. Briefly describe the details of the fictitious business that you created for this assignment. 2. Assess the current environmental scan factor. Determine the factors that will have the greatest impact on plant operations and management’s decision to continue or discontinue operations. 3. Evaluate the financial performance of the company using the information provided in the scenario. Consider all the drivers of performance, such as company profit or loss for both the short term and long term. Be sure to show the calculations that helped you reach your conclusions. 4. Recommend how the company can improve its profitability. Then develop a brief plan to implement the recommendations. 5. Assess the circumstances in which the company should discontinue operations. Provide a rationale with your response. Economics – General Economics Assignment 2 â€Å"Operations Decision† Assume you have been hired as a managing consultant by a company to offer some advice that will help it make a decision as to whether it should shut down completely or continue its operations. It currently uses 100 workers to produce 6,000 units of output per month (working 20 days / month). The daily wage (per worker) is $70, and the price of the firm’s output is $32. The cost of other variable inputs is $2,000 per day. You are told that the firm’s fixed cost is â€Å"high enough† so that the firm’s total costs exceed its total revenue. The marginal cost of the last unit is $30. (Ch 7 8 to solve)  This assignment allows you to determine the specific details about this fictitious company in order to conduct an environmental scan of this company.   Write a three to four (4-5) page paper in which you: Briefly describe the details of the fictitious business that you created for this assig†¦ Follow the link to get tutorial – https://bitly.com/12AXeqz When your classes begin, you have to get acquainted with your instructors. Make sure that you are aware of their office locations, hours of availability and how else to contact them. You must develop good relationships with your professors so that you will feel comfortable talking with them if you need help or an exception on a due date. Economics – General Economics Assignment 2 â€Å"Operations Decision† Assume you have been hired as a managing consultant by a company to offer some advice that will help it make a decision as to whether it should shut down completely or continue its operations. It currently uses 100 workers to produce 6,000 units of output per month (working 20 days / month). The daily wage (per worker) is $70, and the price of the firm’s output is $32. The cost of other variable inputs is $2,000 per day. You are told that the firm’s fixed cost is â€Å"high enough† so that the firm’s total costs exceed its total revenue. The marginal cost of the last unit is $30. (Ch 7 8 to solve)  This assignment allows you to determine the specific details about this fictitious company in order to conduct an environmental scan of this company.   Write a three to four (4-5) page paper in which you: Briefly describe the details of the fictitious business that you created for this assignment. Assess the current environmental scan factors that are relevant to the decision making process. Determine the factors that will have the greatest impact on plant operations and management’s decision to continue or discontinue operations. Provide a rationale for your  determination. Evaluate the financial performance of the company using the information provided in the scenario. Consider all the key drivers of performance, such as company profit or loss for both the short term and long term and how each factor influences managerial decisions. Be sure to show the calculations that helped you reach your conclusions. Recommend how the company can improve its profitability to deliver more value to its stakeholders. Then, develop a brief plan to implement the recommendations. Assess the circumstances in which the company should discontinue operations and how management should react when c onfronted with these circumstances. Provide a rationale with your response.

Global prespective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Global prespective - Essay Example The country observes a blend of common and Sharia laws, but the latter are only applied in family law and punishment of various grave crimes. The country has been described as one of the most stable Middle Eastern economies with a relatively good security situation. Since the Gulf War in which the country was involved, Qatar has been a peaceful haven for business activities in the area. The government plays a huge role in the determination of what businesses should or should not run. The government has in recent times executed heavy censorship in the liquor and food businesses to the point of being authoritarian where different liquor businesses have been closed and no explanation offered for the same. Other businesses have, however, been running independently. The country has good bilateral relationships with the United States and there are many US companies operating in the area, hence it will be easy to establish our operations. American workers and companies face a little discrim ination in the country as the country's leadership attempts to maintain a pious image elsewhere while projecting the West as corrupt. There are, however, no incidences of extreme fundamentalism. Economic Systems and Situation Qatar's economy is hugely oil-based. The country has huge oil reserves that are estimated to continue at least for another century. The country has attempted to diversify from petroleum although it still accounts for more than 50% of the country's Gross Domestic Product. The country embraces the ideals of free trade with limitation to business enterprises that have a connection with the Sharia law. The country has an effective tertiary industry with easily accessible banking and insurance services. The Qatar financial center affords financial institutions globally competitive services, capital support and interest free loans (â€Å"World's Richest Countries†). The country has a cheap and efficient road transport owing to the low prices of petroleum and a word-class road network. Communication is as well developed with good Internet and telephone coverage. The country has a good number of local and international media stations. Labor Laws The government prohibits labor unions and industrial strikes. There are also unfair working relations where migrant workers are paid less than citizens for the same job qualification. This has led to issues that affect companies in the region negatively as they follow payment schemes in the same way that the government does. Purchasing Power Qatar is the richest country in the world in terms of GDP per capita. The business magazine Forbes ranked Qatar 1st in 2010 GDP per Capita in 2010 and reported that the country recorded 19 per cent economical growth, which was the highest in the year in the world. Increase in exports of liquefied oil, natural gas, petrochemicals, and diversification of products in related industries are credited for this. In terms of human development, Qatar is the second-highe st in the Middle East and North Africa region, only second to the U.A.E. In 2009, United States made its fifth-largest export in the Middle East in Qatar, surpassing earlier more favorite export markets such as the U.A.E., Saudi Arabia, Israel, and Egypt (â€Å"World's Richest Countries†). Cocona Fabrics, established in the late 2005, has come up with fast-drying fabrics that effectively protect against ultraviolet rays and manage sweat and other

Strategic Information Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Information Management - Essay Example Moreover, a continual research and development by researchers has enabled business organizations to customize their business strategies. Similarly, research and development in the digital marketing sector has enabled financial institutions to deploy fully automated online banking systems that are capable of providing online banking experience to their customers. However, security breaches have also resulted in massive losses for these systems. Studies has shown that organizations have to learn customer preferences along with aligning their marketing strategies with allocated budgets, procedures, skill set and significances (Edelman 2010). As mentioned earlier, these digital channels are now business models that are customized in a way to generate online sales and revenue for the organization. Likewise, by incorporating other small applications such as Short Message Service (SMS), Really Simple Syndication’ (RSS) feed, advertisements on the cell phone are all part of the busine ss model. Furthermore, for enhancing the customer online experience specific to online banking, clarity of text, quality of information, ease of use, privacy policies and reputation of the bank is considered. In order to gain competitive advantage and customer loyalty, Push digital marketing’ strategies are incorporated to gain user attention to spent more time on the website and browse details of associated online banking products and services. Performance Analysis The Lloyds banking group stated its net profit in 2010 was about 2.2bn (Flinders 2011). This profit returned is reported via bank’s cost reduction policy along with the IT strategies incorporation with the Halifax bank of Scotland (HBOS). (Flinders 2011) Moreover, while comparing the loss in 2009 that is around 6.3bn 2010’s profit is remarkable with the support of the above mentioned strategies. In September 2009, Halifax bank of Scotland (HBOS) obtained 12.2bn through government encouragement from t he Lloyds TSB. For this reason, mark fisher who is working in the integration of parts of Dutch bank ABM AMRO was selected as a director of IT operations by the Lloyds TSB bank. According to the Lloyds banking group, the progress is being observed shortly after the merger of HBOS and Lloyds TSB banking systems (Flinders 2011). The Lloyds banking group states that â€Å"We achieved savings across a wide range of Group activities, including implementing improved processes which are now being used on a harmonized basis across the Group, and driving savings in property and procurement." (Flinders 2011) Furthermore, the Lloyds banking group affirms that around 1.4bn was estimated to be saved by reducing replication. The implementation of new systems that will help in better integration initiates in 2011 as said by the bank â€Å""As part of the integration, we have also commence the implementation of a number of major systems changes, which will complete in 2011." (Flinders 2011) In 20 10, the HBOS spend approximately around 2.7bn on IT integration systems. In comparison with the previous year the IT expenses were reduced by 4% that includes staff cuts, thousands of IT and back office jobs (Flinders 2011). Unfortunately, 26,000 total reductions were detected ever since the possession of HBOS. Therefore, in 2009 the unions unite blamed the

The History of Midwifery Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The History of Midwifery - Essay Example This view has been part of the midwife profession since ancient times (Brucker, 2000) and is one of the most important differences between the roles of doctor and midwife. Another equally important difference is that midwives provide emotional support to mothers, as well as assistance during the birthing process. The word midwife has its roots in old English, and literally means "with woman" (Brucker, 2000), referring to a woman who works with women in labor. The very name of the profession implies that when the term was first used, the role of a midwife was to provide support, rather than intervention. Midwifery is one of the few medical professions that are traditionally dominated by women. It is also one of the oldest known medical professions. The practice of midwifery is clearly referred to in the Bible (Brucker, 2000) and in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics, and it is known to have been part of early Greek and Roman society. Certain qualifications for the role of midwife began to evolve during this time - for example, midwives in Greece were required to have given birth themselves before they could begin working with other women. Several cultures still have this requirement for their midwives up until the present day. Midwives are even part of the legends of some ancient cultures. ... Other Athenian doctors became jealous of her success, and thinking she was a man, accused her of corrupting her patients. After revealing her identity as a woman, Agnodice was charged with practicing medicine. The charge was dismissed after many of her female patients protested; stating that without Agnodice's care, many of them might have died. According to the legend, this incident precipitated the overturning of the law against females practicing medicine, however afterwards they were only allowed to have female patients. The Roman physician Soranus of Ephesus practiced medicine during the first and second centuries AD. He wrote over 20 medical books, the most significant of these being Gynecology (Randall, 1997), a highly detailed text about human reproduction. Among other things, the characteristics and roles of midwives were outlined in this text, as well as descriptions of childbirth and instructions for the care of newborns. According to Soranus, a good midwife was "literate, with her wits about her, possessed of a good memoryunafraid in danger andfree from superstition" (Randall, 1997, p6). Midwives were involved in most aspects of pregnancy and birth, from examination of women to determine whether they were pregnant and care of women during pregnancy, to the actual birth itself and care of the mother and child afterwards. Throughout this period and later during the Middle Ages, the skills and knowledge of midwives was passed down through the generations using the apprentice system (Stock-Morton, 1996, p61), where new midwives were trained by being apprenticed to practicing ones. New midwives learned by watching experienced midwives work with women

Sowftware design problem Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sowftware design problem - Research Paper Example The power of computers in such an activity leads to the establishment of numerous software companies, which are engaged in developing a variety of applications. As a safety related system is under development, a safety argument is under preparation that shows why confidence needs to be put in the system’s ability to meet safety requirements. This leads to the question why those requirements demand safe operation. The moment the system and its arguments are acknowledged, the system is set into operation. Faults may still exist in the system or in its maintenance or operational procedures if the safety argument is not complete. If triggered, the faults can lead to a failure. In such a case, an analysis needs to be conducted to distinguish the nature of the failure. It might be random or even systemic, i.e. due to a design fault, which was introduced when the system was being developed or serviced. Failures that arise from systemic faults must be comprehensively analyzed to avoid recurrences (Baah 3). Large projects, for example, Agropoli’s system of public transportation involves qualified personnel in the software development process. Software companies face several issues in the process of software development. These include: possible negligence of the software developer and another involves possible negligence, but adds another party who happens to be the malicious hacker. Other problems include change of rules during development, preservation of existing software, flexibility due to lack of standards as well as behavior of discrete systems. The complexity involved in the process of software development leads to software bugs. Late completion, low quality, lack of reliability and software not satisfying the stated demand are the symptoms of software bugs. In a scenario, for example, the Agropoli’s system of public transportation where the system under development is discovered to have some difficulties during

Immigration Restrictions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Immigration Restrictions - Essay Example Based on statistics presented in the article, it is clear that immigrants are improving the US economy and have also led to a massive population growth. Despite the economic advantage brought in by the immigrants, some people are also against the issue of having many immigrants. They argued that the immigrants do not pay taxes whereas they use public schools and hospitals. Moreover, they use their immigration documents to access anything they want. Immigrants have been there all over the world since the 17th century. In the late 17th century, 3% of the world’s population was made up of immigrants. Immigrants play a crucial role in improving the economy and increasing the population. Based on available statistics, it is expected that in future, 60% of the USA population will be composed of immigrants. This population is expected to be more educated and will improve the USA’s economy and education level. Moreover, the USA society will grow to a multicultural society, and many people will visit the USA to learn about these cultures. Immigrants are disadvantageous in other ways. Most immigrants use social security numbers of the natives in order to access the facilities that they need. It is surprising that the USA government is not able to track down such activities. These activities pose a danger to the USA residents since the resources available might be overused. It is crucial for the government to provide the immigrants with documents that can use to access public facilities. Provision of these documents will enable the country to have correct statistics, and thus negative reflections will be eliminated.

Evidence base practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Evidence base practice - Essay Example However, in some cases, the wrong prescription may not only make the patient fail to recover from the ailment, it may also lead to a further worsening of the ailment. Determination of the methods of prescriptions is usually significant in the application of treatment strategies aimed at treating mental problems. The treatment of the patient from the ailments is usually highly dependent on the treatment strategies that are employed by the medical practitioner. The medical practitioner therefore needs to clearly understand the effectiveness of the treatment strategies so as to know which strategies to apply in order to lead to the effective and quick recovery of the patients. Moreover, the medical practitioner needs to explicitly understand the different dimensions of the issue that he or she is trying to treat in order to device the treatment strategies effectively. A clear understanding of the dimensions would also help the medical practitioner, to effectively comprehend what the pat ient is going through. Thus, by putting himself or herself in the position of the patient, he or she can apply his medical concepts to achieve excellent results in the application of his treatment strategies. The application of the above practices by medical practitioners and other relevant parties is well defined by what is known as evidence based practice. Evidence based practice Evidence based practice can be simply defined as the use of certain treatment strategies preferentially based on research findings to help solve certain problems, mostly psychological, which the society may be faced with (Gowing, p.27). The use of the treatment strategies is usually backed with statistical evidence of the success of the treatment strategies on different people. Evidence base practice is usually applied in various fields, which include medicine, criminology, psychology and marriage and family therapy. Evidence based practice is a practice which has developed only recently and is necessitat ed by the failure of some of strategies, which are considered effective in helping to treat various psychological and mental conditions in the society. By using the evidence-based practice, the medical practitioners can apply the strategies, which have been proven most effective in their application for the treatments. The strategies used by the medical practitioners do not necessarily have to be the same; they usually vary from one individual to the other. This is because different medical practitioners have their own methods of dealing with different ailments to achieve the desired results. This medical concept is widely acknowledged by many medical practitioners and bodies that deal with medicine as an effective strategy in the treatment of people who suffer from various mental disorders. Evidence based practice in domestic violence Domestic violence is among the most common forms of problems, which psychologists and marriage counselors are usually faced with. Different countries usually have programs to help in treatment of problems, especially on people who have been convicted of the offence. The success of these programs is usually very low as their administration usually disregards the research evidence on the important strategies that the programs must use. The strategies to employ are mainly dependent on the causative factors of domestic violence. Evidence based practice can effectively be used to determine the causes of domestic viol

Critical Thinking in Asking the Right Questions Research Paper - 1

Critical Thinking in Asking the Right Questions - Research Paper Example This is what will be attempted in the paper. The memo is written in response to the request made by director of operations regarding a leadership program for junior executives. The main issue discussed in the memo is the infeasibility of the proposed leadership program. The author argues that the proposed leadership program is not necessary because leaders are born and not made. Personal motivation of the direction of operations is questioned in the memo. The author concludes that a leadership program is not worth spending any money, and theories of leadership advocated by the director of operations are not in line with the culture of the company. Personal motivation behind the proposals is also highlighted in the conclusion. The reasons given in the memo for the infeasibility of the leadership program include selection issues, waste of money, ‘leaders are born not made’ view, leadership traits, and personal motivations of Miss Forsythe. Selection issues will be raised when many people will request for leadership training and this is something the company cannot afford, according to the memo. The leadership training will be a waste of money because the company has already fared well without such training in the past, and therefore the training is a waste of money. The philosophy of born leaders is used as a reason against leadership programs. The author argues that leaders are born and not made, and therefore leadership training will not help employees. Trait theory of leadership is used to dispel the idea of leadership training program in the memo. Another very important reason given against the leadership program is that the personal motivation of Miss Forsythe is to get the position of VP Human Resource. Ambiguity refers to the double meaning of words and phrases (Bach, 2012). There is ambiguity when the author talks about the company being prosperous

Outline the bank multiplier approach to explaining the process of Essay

Outline the bank multiplier approach to explaining the process of money creation and discuss its limitations - Essay Example This has led to call for the replacement of federal reserve system by a computer based system that would fix rates via calculations using standard economic metrics. Say in his law seems to make a suggestion to the fact that money is neutral and does not in any way lead to recession. He felt it was an irrational action to hoard money if one had it. In his view the only reason to have money is to spend it on one’s needs, in buying products. An increased spending is brought about by the increase in money supply going by the opinion that money is meant for spending. Say economist do not believe that businesses suffer as a result of lack of money for which reason other economist may advocate the printing of more money. Say and his followers rather believe that to increase ones purchasing power all that is needed is for there to be an increase in production processes. This would cause demand for the product an exchange for these goods automatically puts money into the pockets of the producer thereby increasing his purchasing power. The printing of more money would invariably lead to indiscriminate consumption which is believed by say economist as a wealth

Hamburger - Patty Essay Example for Free

Hamburger Patty Essay How Many Hamburgers? The data: Charlie sells around 12 cases of hamburgers weekly. †¢Each case contains 80 hamburgers †¢Each hamburger patty costs $. 60 New vender offer is: †¢Week 1 order: 50 cases at $. 30 per patty †¢Then 15 cases for the next 12 weeks at $. 45 per patty Question 1. How many hamburgers does Charlie normally sell during the period of the contract? Charlie normally sells 12480 hamburgers during the period of the contract. 80 hamburgers (12 cases) = 960 hamburgers a week 960 hamburgers a week (13 weeks) = 12480 hamburgers during the period of the contract (13 weeks) 2. What is the total cost of the hamburger inventory for the period? The total cost of the hamburger inventory for the period is 28. 00. 12480 hamburgers ($0. 60) = $7488. 00 during the period of the contract. 3. How many hamburgers will Charlie need to purchase under the new vendor contract? Charlie will need to purchase 18400 hamburgers under the new vendor contract of 13 weeks. 50 cases (80 hamburgers) = 4000 hamburgers for week 1 15 cases (80 hamburgers) (12 weeks) = 14400 hamburgers for the next 12 weeks 4000 hamburgers (week 1) + 14400 hamburgers (12 weeks) = 18400 hamburgers during the period of the contract of 13 weeks. 4. What is the total cost of this inventory? The total cost of the hamburger inventory for the period is $7680. 00. 4000 hamburgers ($0. 30) = $1200. 00 14400 hamburgers ($0. 45) = $6480. 00 $1200. 00 + $6480. 00 = $7680. 00 during the period of the contract. 5. What is the average cost of a hamburger under this deal? (Round to the nearest cent. ) The average cost of a hamburger under the new deal is $0. 42 $7680. 00 / 18400 hamburgers = $0. 42 (. 4173†¦.. 3) 6. What is the percent savings per hamburger under the new deal? The percent savings per hamburger under the new deal is 30 % $0. 60 $0. 42 = $0. 18 $0. 18 / $0. 60 = . 3 .3 (100) = 30% 7. What is the total cost savings? If Charlie accepts the new deal, rather than buying the same amount of burgers from his current vendor, what is the total cost savings? The total cost saving is $3360. 00 $11040. 00 $7680. 00 = $3360. 00 8. If hamburger sales remain stable at 12 cases per week during this period, how many hamburgers will Charlie have remaining in inventory at the end of 13 weeks? The remaining inventory at the end of 13 weeks is 5920 hamburgers 13 weeks (12 cases per week) (80 hamburgers) = 12480 hamburgers 18400 hamburgers – 12480 hamburgers = 5920 hamburgers. 9. If hamburger sales remain stable at 12 cases per week into the future, how many weeks will it take to sell the remaining hamburgers? (Round to the nearest week. ) It will take Charlie about 6 weeks to sell the remaining hamburgers after the contract period ends. 50 cases (week 1) + (15 cases * 12 weeks) = 230 cases in inventory 12 cases per week (13 weeks) = 156 cases sold in 13 weeks 230 cases – 156 cases sold = 74 cases remaining 74 cases remaining / 12 cases sold per week = 6 weeks (6. 166666†¦.. ) 10. If Joe can figure out a way to sell 14 cases a week, how many weeks will it take to sell the entire new vendor inventory? (Round to the nearest week. ) If Joe can figure out a way to sell 14 cases a week, it will take him about 16 weeks to sell the entire new inventory. 230 cases in inventory / 14 cases per week = 16 weeks (16. 428†¦. ) 11. Beyond the price per patty savings, what factors should Joe consider when advising Charlie whether or not to take the new deal? Some factors Joe should consider is will they have to pay the entire cost up front? Or can they make weekly payments? What are the payment terms on the new contract? Will they have enough space in the freezer to take in 50 cases and then another 15 cases per week for the next 12 weeks? Will they be able to sell the hamburger fast enough to store the rest of the cases if they don’t have enough room? Will they be able to sell the all hamburgers before they expire or go bad? If they don’t sell all the cases by the end of 13 weeks, will the next shipment come in and then they are over stock? Will the quality of the new patties be as good as the one they currently have? Will the customers like the new patties? Will they be able to sample the new patties before they decide to sign the contract? 12. The price per patty quoted by the new vendor is attractive, but is this a good deal for the restaurant? If the customers like the new patties, they have enough room in the freezer, and the patties will keep fresh for a long enough time, I think that the deal is great for the restaurant. 13. Beyond the cost savings, what other factors need to be considered before buying a lot more hamburgers than you have sold in the past? I think I cover the answer to this question in question 11. (Please refer to question 11) 14. How can Joe make this deal more attractive to Charlie? Joe can make this deal more attractive to Charlie by explaining that the restaurant will save about 30% per patty. Work out a deal with the vendor that if they are not satisfied with the new patties within a certain time frame they would be able to cancel the contract and explain it to Charlie the risk is minimum. If the patties are as good quality or better than the patty they currently have, the sales would stay the same or get better with better quality patties.

Brief Description On The Milk Scandal Commerce Essay

Brief Description On The Milk Scandal Commerce Essay The toxic milk scandal became public in August 2008 with the disclosure that the baby formula produced by Sanlu was contaminated with melamine, which caused kidney failure among the babies who consumed it. However, until the Chinese Health Ministry confirmed on Sep 12, 2008, that the milk powder produced by Sanlu was contaminated by melamine, neither the government nor the company took any actions to warn the public. Later, government inspections reported that the products of 21 other dairy firms were also contaminated with melamine. Even as the milk scandal unfolded, many countries like Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, South Korea, Australia, and Indonesia rushed to ban Chinese dairy products. Foreign companies which sold China made products or products which used Chinese ingredients had to recall their products. overview of food industry business ethics Significance of business ethics Nowadays, the issue of business ethics comes to peoples mind more frequently especially in the food industry since food are the essential items for human and it will affect our health directly. In 2004, the use of hair in the production of soya sauce was exposed and made headlines in the press. Moreover, there is many more news about China how they use very cheap material like industrial acid and oil to mix into their food products in order to minimize the introduction costs. As a developing country, business in China is developing very rapidly. It is now playing a more decisive role in social life and almost all people would be involved in business activities. As a result, unethical business behavior would have negative influence towards society. Hence, society is now more concerned with the issue of business ethics. Since the Chinese foods are now exported all over the world, ethical practice of Chinese enterprise issues are the key factors to be success. General perception on business ethics in food industry There is much news recently that related to food safety in world wide. Therefore, consumers have three types of ethical concerns toward food industry. Methods of Production and Distribution The production of food raises a number of issues that need to be considered. The packaged food industry essentially consists of manufacturing using farm produce. Clearly hygiene, quality control, health and safety considerations are of great importance. The following are among the issues that should be considered as per my knowledge: 1. Animal welfare in the meat products industry. 2. Use of child or bonded labour, or employment of illegal immigrants. 3. The International Labor Organization (ILO) standards provide useful benchmarks in this area. 4. Improper use of the pesticides, antibiotics, and other chemicals. 5. Misuse of water resources and the consequent impact on local farmers 6. Good quality control of the food supply 7. Ensure the material supply and healthy to human 8. Use environmental friendly packaging as much as possible for the packaging 9. Inform the actual gradients of the food contented 10. Inform the public immediately once unhealthy food was produced and distribute to market According to our observation toward Chinese business, their objective of the business is only generating profits as much as possible. The ethical senses are not significance within the society. Reason behinds the widespread sufferings of the infants According to the case content, there is several factors lead to this hazard. On Sanlu In fact, Sanlu acknowledged the problem far beyond the serious ha affects hazard explored in 2008. From the case content, there were several customer complained the problem to Sanlu about the ill effect of taking the milk by infants. However, Sanlu chose not to launch this news to alarm general public due to they do not wanted to affect its sales and image. In addition, they were not willing to import the sophisticated milk test machine from overseas. On Government First, we believed that Chinese government has too much confidence on the self governance by the enterprise especially on Sanlu these big companies. One of the regulations implemented was the inspection-free policy. A company would not be required to undergo inspection for a period of 3 years if it can meet the following three requirements: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Product with stable quality à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ High market share à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ passed the inspection for more than 3 consecutive times However, past performance did not reflect that there will be not problems in future. Since, the demand of Chinese milk increased significantly and the milk supply source has been polluted, the problem got serious in 2008. If Chinese government inspected the quality of Sanlu continuously, the situation will be under controlled. Moreover, the respond of the milk incident was too slow to control the situation. The Shijiazhang government and the Communist Party of China did not report about the said issue to the provincial and state level authorities till 9 Sep, 2008. At that time, about 53000 infants were already affected. On the steadily growth market and growth strategy of Sanlu Since there is high demand in milk industry and there is not strict control over the milk supply, more and more farmer and agent joined the supply market for making money. The situation got worse after the Mengniu and Yili enter into the Hebei market because the supply of milk was tight in this fast growth market. Since the milk demand from Sanlu and other company increased steadily, the market collection station cannot get enough milk for production. Since it is a profitable market to sell milk to these producers, many middlemen aroused and sell the milk to Sanlu directly. They were not ethical enough since they had diluted the milk to increase the supply volume for more profit and they added this melamine into the milk which was harmful to infants. Since not quality inspection from milk station, this toxic milk was finally gone into the market and lead to the milk scandal finally. Sanlu also needed to responsible on this issue since its growth strategy in market share made they ign ore the quality control by milk station and make this incident. Finally, the covered error of the milk scandal did not made the problem dismissed. Reversely, it generated a serious problem not only about the image destroyed of Sanlu its own but also the image of Chinese milk products, hundred thousand of farmer made not income and needed to kill all of their cows as well as thousands of infant were suffered from Kidney stone. If proper action has been done, the situation will be better. Sanlu and Government actions toward the milk scandal On September 17, 2008, the Chinese Health Minister, announced that melamine contaminated milk had led to more than 6,200 children falling ill in the country and over 150 children suffered acute kidney failure. Six days later it was announced that four children had died and the number of children falling ill had increased to 54,000. On Sanlus production and management actions On September 12, 2008, the Hebei provincial government ordered Sanlu to stop production after preliminary investigation confirmed that melamine contaminated baby formula was the reason for kidney stones among children. The company was also ordered to stop sales of all brands of its baby formula, recall its products, and destroy all the products that were unsold and recalled. Also Sanlu set up a fund of 800,000,000 yuan, which 700,000,000 yuan was estimated to be the compensation amount that the compensation amount that the company needed to pay to its customer such as refund, hospital expenses and compensation on sick or death of the infants. On September 15, 2008, Sanlu had issued a public apology of its role in the milk scandal. Zhang Zhenling (Zhenling), Vice President of Sanlu, read out a letter of apology at a news conference in Shijiazhuang, The serious safety accident of the Sanlu formula milk powder for infants has caused severe harm to many sickened babies and their families. We feel really sad about this. Sanlu Group expresses its most sincere apology to you. We solemnly declare we will recall all the infant milk powder produced prior to August 6. And for those produced after that date, we will also make a recall if consumers have doubts and worries.15 Later, Sanlu also sacked Wenhua. On Government actions The Health Ministry informed the World Health Organization, Hong Kong, and Macaus health departments, the New Zealand Embassy in China, and the press about the melamine contamination in baby formula. The Ministry also announced that a free medical checkup would be given to affected children. It sent medical specialists to hospitals across China to help treat the affected children. Started from September 2008, the Chinese government started a nationwide inspection of baby milk powder. It announced that liquid milk products including packaged milk and yoghurt would be checked for melamine contamination. On September 16, 2008, GAQSIQ announced an inspection of all Chinese baby milk powder makers and found traces of melamine in 69 batches of baby formula produced by 22 companies including brands like Mengniu,12 Yili,13 and Bright Dairy.14 After the inspection, these dairy firms were ordered to stop new production and sale of dairy products. As the milk scandal escalated, steps were also taken against some government officials. While some of them were sacked, some of them resigned owning moral responsibility. On September 17, 2008, Ji Chuntang, Vice-Secretary of the Shijiazhuang Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and Mayor of Shijiazhuang, was removed from his job. Earlier, four officials including the Vice Mayor in charge of agricultural production, the Director of Shijiazhuang Municipal Animal Husbandry and Fishery Bureau, the Director of Shijiazhuang Municipal Food and Drug Administration, and the Director of Shijiazhuang Municipal Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision were dismissed. On September 22, 2008, Li Changjiang, the Director of GAQSIQ, resigned. On September 26, 2008, four executives of Sanlu including Wenhua were arrested for producing and selling sub-standard products. Milk dealers and suppliers were also arrested for selling contaminated milk to dairy companies. Jiabao, the then Premier of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China, said, The government will put more efforts into food security, taking the incident as a warning. What we are trying to do is to ensure no such event happens in future, by punishing those responsible leaders as well as enterprises. None of those companies lacking professional ethics or social morals will be let off.16 In an effort to restore confidence among domestic and international consumers, the Chinese government introduced a new set of quality control standards which included strict limits for melamine in dairy products. In the case of infant formula, the limit was set at one milligram of melamine per kilogram and the limit for liquid milk at 2.5 milligrams per kilogram. On October 09, 2008, in an effort to stimulate the dairy industry of China, the Chinese government announced an emergency rescue plan for the affected dairy farmers. The government planned to give 300 million Yuan in subsidy. In addition, the interest rate for loans granted to dairy producers to buy raw milk was also reduced by 3 percent for the period between October and December in 2008. Some local governments in China had also promised to give a subsidy to the dairy farmers. For example, the Hebei province had allocated 316 million Yuan (US$46.4 million) as subsidies to dairy farmers. The dairy companies in China had to recall several thousand tons of melamine contaminated milk products. Sanlu was ordered to recall its products immediately after the Hebei provincial government found melamine contamination in its baby formula. After GAQSIQ had found melamine contamination in the products of 22 Chinese dairy companies, they were also asked to recall their products. On October 15, 2008, GAQSIQ ordered recall of all dairy products made before September 14, 2008. According to a notice issued by the agency, All supermarkets, shops, and all city, town, and village-level vendors will urgently remove and seal up all milk powder and liquid milk made before September, pending further testing. On December 27, 2008, it was announced by the Chinas Dairy Industry Association that the affected children and their families would get compensation from the 22 companies found guilty of producing and selling contaminated milk powder. According to the statement issued by the Association, The enterprises offered to shoulder the compensation liability. By doing so, they hope to earn understanding and forgiveness of the families of the sickened children. The money for compensation is in place now and will soon be handed to the people who have custody of the sickened children through various channels. If the babies suffer from relative after-effects, all medical fees will be covered by the fund. In a letter sent to the victims and their families by these 22 companies, the compensation amount was specifically mentioned for sick children, for those who were suffering from kidney failure, and for families whose kids had died because of the tainted milk powder. It was also mentioned in the l etter that dairy producers would set up a fund to pay the medical costs of the children who were ill, until they reached the age of 18. On January 22, 2009, two people were sentenced to death for their involvement in the Chinese milk scandal. Wenhua was given a life imprisonment and three other executives were given imprisonment from five to fifteen years In my personal opinion, the government failed to supervise product quality responsible. The effectiveness of the regulatory environment in China is slow in disclosure the hazard as well as makes prompt action to stop it. According to some research in the internet, there were many government departments to monitor food safety in China. As there was no single agency to look after all product safety regulations and enforcement in the country and there was no clear hierarchy of agencies, the duties of different departments often overlapped. Recommendations to Sanlu to recover its goodwill as well as Chinese milk industry toward global Investors who had already invested in the Chinese dairy industry were worried about regaining consumers confidence. In this respect it means consumers are now thinking twice before purchasing such products, so the key challenge now is to regain the consumers trust. As you can recall the case from Hong Kong, Vitasoy milk and Lemon tea also suffer from big hazard of the pollution in production line and made the milk turns sour in around ten years old. We believed as a well known organization with market leadership role, they can recover their goodwill step by step like Vita Corporation in order to gain the customer confidence again as below. However, the situation in Hong Kong is much easier to turnover since the government and the legislation control is much strict and clear to follow. If Sanlu would like to gain back the image, both Sanlu and Government needed to do something to ensure the quality of their products is healthy and safe to customer usage. We believe that ethical business environment is the key issue to recover the confidence from general public on the Chinese milk production On Government Regulations To avoid similar incident happen again, implementing of new issues and regulations are necessary. For example, AQSIQ should have regular and sudden inspection on the quality of products. The food industry inspection should be in random and strictly follow the international standard norm. Laws and ethics Nonetheless, only depends on laws, it is not sufficient to ensure the problem would not exist in future. It is more difficult to depend on enterprise to follow the law in PRC such the corruption and education level is not high. There are many acts that are legal but unethical. And there are also many people use money to change illegal to legal by cover the problem or override the checking from government. As in the milk scandal, the use of small amount of melamine was legal because it is not harmful to adult; there was no regulation on it. It is clear that laws cannot fully control human behavior; as law is only norm to control people behave. However, for business ethics, the standard is much higher than that of laws. It is because as a highly ethical company, their goals are not only profit but also care of the public as well as their customer. Ethics is not concerned only with peoples behavior. It is a standard for our core values. As an individual or a company, in addition to bein g legal, being ethical is the key which shows that their values are of higher standard rather than meeting the minimum requirement only. As a ethical corporation, Sanlu should use the concept that customers babies are their babies, they will not give some harmful materials or potential harmful ingredient towards their own babies. They should care the health of all babies although add melamine and dilute milk can be acceptable to increase production. Education on general public Peoples behavior is actually influenced by norm, attitude and values from the society and most likely are from their own family. Changes in norm, attitude and values are very important for improving business ethics. We believed that it is the value of Chinese enterprise was too famous on profit and do not know clearly what ethical standard they needed. Hence, on top of implementation of measures and regulations, education on both top management and employees would be the most fundamental way to do so. For example, government can improve more foreign consultant and special to teach ethic and made speech in university to raise the concern of general public and know they can do it profitability like coca cola, nestle as well as PG etc. On Sanlu itself Ethic knowledge training Unethical issues cannot be done by only one level. If the ethical standards are enough in the company, they will carry out a mutual inspection on other actions toward ethic enterprise. For example, before employees go to their working positions, the company should provide ethics training, covering ethical issues and addressing the rules, compliance requirement and the corporate values to their employees. Let employees realize the importance of business ethics for the company as well as their own. During training, discussions on cases of ethical dilemma and analysis with employees are valuable in developing employees awareness of business ethics and ethical competency. Furthermore, the company should communicate information about the reporting mechanisms with all employees. When there is any unethical behavior, employees can report to the company immediately. This would be the most efficient way to discover any problems and take prompt actions to solve them. Quality control process and crisis management Since Sanlus image was totally damaged in this incident, we recommend that Sanlu can import the modern of art testing machine for strict quality control and the production chain should be more transparent toward general public. They can set up a additional inspection team which contains outsiders from other milk industrys expert and also foreign country representative to investigate the production channel, sourcing as well as the healthy and safety level on its our products. Therefore, the general public may slowly regain its confidence on Sanlus milk products. Also, the management team should have a knowledge sharing about the investors New Zealand industry on how they manufacture the milk and ensure the required process and ethical norm can be implemented in Sanlu to regain the image from global market. Once the incident happened again, Sanlu should know how to reduce the negative effect toward customer like stop production immediately, message general public timely and recall all affected products from retailer and dealers in order to show their sophisticated experience in crisis management. Like Vita group, we believe that the market will accept their products again. In conclusion, we believe that the critical factor on this incident and regain image of Sanlu in the case is all about ethics. We believed that the technology and expertise in China are enough to produce healthy and safety products. However, their action has been affected by the norm to earn as much money as possible in short period of time by legal but no ethical actions. In order to reduce the negative image toward Chinese product such as foods, drinks, electronic and toy. Chinese government should pay more effort on improve the ethical standard by education and control of the government officials. If they cannot to do so, the short-term goal of Chinese enterprise toward profits without concern on general public would affect the development of the economy of whole Chinese market.

Bulk and Nanomaterials Synthesis Experiment

Bulk and Nanomaterials Synthesis Experiment Introduction In recent years, bulk and nano materials in several areas of pure and applied sciences have captivated a great interest amongst the researchers. Because of their fascinating and tremendous properties with great potential in many applications such as solid state lasers, lamp industry, colour displays, etc (Senthil et al, 2001; Tamrakar et al, 2013â€Å"a†; Tamrakar et al, 2013â€Å"b†; Tamrakar et al, 2014â€Å"a†; Tamrakar et al, 2014â€Å"b†) these bulk and nano materials having great interests of research. Experimental Section 2.1. Materials and Synthesis Samarium oxide (Sm2O3) and samarium nitrate (Sm(NO3)3.6H2O) were used as the rare earth sources of K3Gd(PO4)2:Sm3+ in the following synthesis methods. Urea (NH2CONH2) and citric acid monohydrate (C6H8O7.H2O) were used as fuels in combustion and citrate gel combustion methods. The raw materials in carbonate form were used in solid state method whereas in case of combustion and citrate gel method it could be used in nitrate form. 2.1.1. Synthesis of undoped K3Gd(PO4)2 and Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 by solid state method The raw materials potassium carbonate (K2CO3), gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3), ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate (NH4H2PO4) and samarium oxide (Sm2O3) of high purity were mixed and grounded together with the smallest possible amount of ethanol in an agate mortar for an hour to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The stoichometric amount of starting materials was weighed according to the balanced chemical reactions for the undoped K3Gd(PO4)2 (equation (1)) and Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 (equation (2)) and are given as follows: The mixed powder was transferred to the alumina crucible and placed into the muffle furnace at 850  °C for 7 hours. The prepared phosphors were cooled to room temperature and grounded to obtain fine powder. 2.1.2. Synthesis of undoped K3Gd(PO4)2 and Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 by combustion method with urea (NH2CONH2) Urea (NH2CONH2) as a fuel used for the preparation of the undoped K3Gd(PO4)2 and Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 by combustion method. The reagents used were potassium nitrate (KNO3), gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3), ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate (NH4H2 PO4), urea (NH2CONH2) and samarium nitrate (Sm(NO3)3.6H2O) of high purity. The materials were weighed according to the balanced chemical reactions (equations (3 4)) given below: The stoichometric ratio of reagents was kept at unity, so that the heat liberated during combustion be maximized for complete combustion. The weighed reagents were dissolved in a small amount of distilled water and thoroughly mixed in an agate mortar to obtain a paste. The obtained paste was transferred to the alumina crucible and inserted into the pre-heated muffle furnace sustained at 600. The combustion process occurs with the evolution of the large amount of gasses. The whole reaction takes 3-5 minutes to complete. The final white foamy product was cooled to room temperature and ground to obtain fine powder. The fine powder then further annealed at 850 for 3 h to get complete crystallanity. 2.1.3. Synthesis of undoped K3Gd(PO4)2 and Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 by citrate-gel combustion method with citric acid (C6H8O7.H2O) Potassium nitrate (KNO3), gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3), ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate (NH4H2 PO4), samarium nitrate (Sm (NO3)3.6H2O), citric acid monohydrate (C6H8O7.H2O) of high purity was used as the starting materials for the preparation of the undoped K3Gd(PO4)2 and Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2. The citrate gel was prepared according to the following chemical reactions: The reactants in stoichometric amounts were weighed according to equations (5 6) and dissolved together in 10 ml distilled water. The mixed solution was heated to 85 °C on a hot plate with continuous stirring for 2 hours to obtain a viscous gel. The obtained gel was placed into the pre-heated muffle furnace maintained at 600. After several minutes, the gel boiled followed by evolution of huge amounts of gases. Eventually, spontaneous ignition occurred and the gel underwent combustion. The whole process ended within a few minutes. The final products were cooled to room temperature and grounded to obtain fine powder. The fine powder, then further annealed at 850 for 3 h to ensure that all the unwanted impurities were evaporated and only the higher temperature pure monoclinic phase of K3Gd(PO4)2 remains as the final product. 2.2. Characterization The X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the synthesized powders were recorded by using Philips X’pert MPD system with Cu KÃŽ ± radiation (1.5406 Ã…) operated at 40 kV and 30 mA. The 2ÃŽ ¸ was varied in the range of 10 ° ≠¤ 2ÃŽ ¸ ≠¤ 60 ° with step size of 0.01 ° (2ÃŽ ¸) and count time of 18s /step. The lattice parameters were calculated using unit cell program [ †¦]. The diffuse reflectance spectra were recorded using a Shimadzu UV-VIS-2600 double beam spectrophotometer coupled with an ISR (integrating sphere assembly). The photoluminescence (PL) (excitation and emission spectra) and the lifetime measurements of the synthesized phosphors were recorded using a Cary-Eclipse Spectrofluorometer equipped with a 150W Xenon lamp as an excitation source with slit width 5 nm and 2.5 nm for excitation and emission monochromator. All the measurements were performed at room temperature. 3. Results and discussion 3.1. Phase formation The powder XRD patterns of the Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 samples synthesized by solid state, combustion and citrate gel combustion methods were measured. The patterns are shown in figure 1 and compared with that of the JCPDS card 049-1085 (K3Gd(PO4)2). The XRD patterns of Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 phosphor indicates a pure phase of the standard K3Gd(PO4)2 and all the peaks were in good agreement which belongs to the monoclinic phase with space group P21/m [20]. Also the XRD shows that the formed materials are in crystalline and homogeneous forms. The particle size of the prepared samples have been calculated from the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the intense peaks using Debye Scherer formula. Here, D is particle size, k is the Scherrer’s constant (0.89), ÃŽ ² is FWHM (full width half maximum), ÃŽ » = 1.54 A ° is the wavelength of X-ray source (Cu (KÃŽ ±) radiation), ÃŽ ¸ is Bragg angle of the X-ray diffraction peak. The average particle size of the Sm3+ doped K3Gd(PO4)2 phosphor prepared by solid state method was found approximately 39 nm, while those prepared by combustion and citrate gel methods were found to be 23 nm and 27 nm. The decrease in the particle size is due to increase in the FWHM of the XRD peaks for the phosphor synthesized by combustion method and citrate gel combustion method. The variation of particle size with FWHM is also tabulated in table {}. References

Free College Admissions Essays: Physics and Philosophy :: College Admissions Essays

Physics and Philosophy    Physics has always been the science that interests me most. It seems to me that physics tackles fundamental questions about the universe and it feels more relevant than other sciences. I enjoy experimental work in physics but do sometimes feel limited by the resources available at my college. I would like the chance to use more sophisticated equipment to investigate more advanced level physics. Actually doing some of the important experiments of the last century, such as Rutherford's proof for the existence of the proton would add a new level of realism to particle physics. My interest in Philosophy developed through my study of Law at AS-level. I started to take an interest in jurisprudence and read a number of texts on the subject. I found that these contained many terms that I had never really encountered before. This has left me wanting to find out more about philosophy and different ways of thinking.    I have chosen these subjects because I enjoy them and would like to look into them in more depth than I have done in the past. I have chosen Physics and Philosophy because the combination of subjects requires both mathematical and scientific ability but also aptitude in written communication and logic. I would like to leave my options open in terms of possible career and I feel that by developing a number of different skills this will give me the best possible knowledge base.    I would like to use the opportunity of higher education to strengthen my mathematical and science related abilities such as investigation and problem solving. However parallel to this I would also like to further improve skills in areas such as discussion and structured argument. I would also like to develop my written communication skills and I feel that this courses especially the Philosophy aspect would let me advance my writing style.    One of my main interests outside school is computers and the Internet. I have been using the Internet regularly for a number of years for many different purposes including research and communication. I have also developed my own web page and looked at things such as HTML and CGI scripts. My other interests are general socialising and also keeping fit. I am a member of my local gym and also regularly go swimming. I have gained my NPLQ lifeguard qualification and also have recently passed my two star canoe test and hope to progress onto my three star certification.

A Strategic Analysis of Toyota Motor Corporation Essays -- Competitive

Understanding Strategic Management A Strategic Analysis of Toyota Motor Corporation Industry: Automotive Industry CONTENTS ABOUT TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION PAGE 3 EXTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS:- PESTEL PORTER’S FIVE FORCE ANALYSIS COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS PAGE 3, 4, 5 AND 6 INTERNAL STRATEGIC ANALYSIS:- SWOT ANALYSIS PORTER’S VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS PAGE 6, 7 AND 8 STRATEGY FORMULATION:- PORTER’S GENERIC OPTION ANALYSIS ANSOFF MATRIX ANALYSIS PAGE 8,9 AND 10 RECOMMENDATIONS PAGE 10 CONCLUSION PAGE 10 REFERENCES PAGE 11 LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES TABLE OF FINANCIAL REPORT OF TOYOTA PAGE 3 TABLE OF COMPARISON OF TOYOTA AND HONDA PAGE 6 DIAGRAM OF PORTER’S GENERIC OPTION ANALYSIS PAGE 8 DIAGRAM OF ANSOFF MATRIX PAGE 9 About Toyota Motor Corporation Toyota Motor Corporation is a Japan based company, whose headquarters are located in Aichi Prefecture. The company was founded by Kiichiri Toyoda in 1937. Currently the company’s CEO is Akio Toyoda. Toyota is basically into cars and it is one of the top players in the world in this industry. Toyota also owns two other brands namely Lexus and Scion, which gives the company a lot of advantage over it’s other competitors. Toyota manufactures sedans, saloons, suvs, muvs, pick-up trucks and buses. During the year 2013 Toyota had approximately 333,498 employees, who were working globally. In March 2013, Toyota was ranked as the thirteenth biggest organization globally in terms of its revenue. In the following table we can see the financial report of Toyota Motor Corporation in the year 2013- REVENUE 22.064 TRILLION YENS OPERATING INCOME 1.320 TRILLION YENS NET ... ...bile.asp. [Accessed 15 December 2013]. Toyota . 2013. Toyota . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/FenellaAndrade/toyota-9167108. [Accessed 15 December 2013]. Pestle for Toyota. 2013. Pestle for Toyota. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.scribd.com/doc/133979217/Pestle-for-Toyota. [Accessed 15 December 2013]. Strategic management Toyota case study. 2013. Strategic management Toyota case study. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.slideshare.net/ArioArdianto/strategic-management-toyota-case-study-27410014. [Accessed 15 December 2013]. Competitive Analysis. 2013. Competitive Analysis. [ONLINE] Available at: http://dana.ucc.nau.edu/~toyota-p/competitive_analysis.htm. [Accessed 15 December 2013]. 2013. [ONLINE] Available at: https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuAodzSvvLFAnyyk9u1L8Ln0A_hH_lkZVwQxoYpMafLqaj4BeENdPrcfh2ZKx8NCCivLyZn-SbK0a-LwK0TECYq3rxccbTvGfyep6j-S8F5biN4_B6yLnHhCiZnRrejttnf-Zc3g5iViY/s1600/Ansoff+Matrix.jpg. [Accessed 15 December 2013].

Health In your own hands :: essays research papers

In response to the question of what I am most thankful for, I said I am most grateful to god for leaving me with great health. Maintaining good health and preventing illness is not an easy task and requires major responsibility. Health is with the individual when they take that first breath and with them when they take the last. In that sense, it is the individual’s responsibility to maintain good health since they are with it all the time and it plays a crucial part in their well being. Good health is a privilege that can be altered or taken away at any instant. Good health comes with responsibility. Responsibility requires time, knowledge, maturity, and determination. Responsibility is defined as the social force that binds you to your obligations and the courses of action demanded by that force (Princeton University, 2003). Moral questions arise when health and responsibility come together: How much does a person value his or her health? Do they have a desire to live? If the answer to both of these questions is no, then that person creates a greater risk in putting their health in jeopardy. If the answer is yes, then the individual must take advantage of the tools provided to them to sustain good health. The modern world has provided literature, internet sources, gyms, health food stores, and most importantly the men of wisdom; physicians. One concept that is beyond the capacity for any person to understand is that the human body is just an encasement, or compartment for a phenomenon known as the soul. It’s a driving force that recycles itself every time we make a conscious decision to direct an action. The body can be compared to a machine: it contains pumps, filters, electrical currents, receptors, tubes, and many other functions. It needs to be maintained just like a vehicle. And like all vehicles, they need to be taken to be checked up and given maintenance by a mechanic every few thousand miles, or as often as it breaks down. Our mechanic is our doctor. His job is to make sure that our fluid levels are correct, diagnose if necessary, and treat if science allows him to. The only thing that separates us from machines is that the engineering and mechanics of our bodies are not fully understood. This dilemma stirs up many questions on how a doctor can and should perform his work.

Marketing activities Essay

Jeans are just an ordinary piece of clothing to many people. To others, however, they are a powerful means of self-expression. This fact is confirmed by the sheer number of companies that produce jeans, including Levis, Gap, Old Navy, Calvin Klein, Armani, Guess, Miss Sixty, Tommy Hilfiger and many others. Jeans are one of many ways in which a person can send a message to other people concerning various aspects of one’s character, an easy and understandable way at that. Given the large scale of marketing activities of clothing manufacturers nowadays, if jeans did not send a message, the producing companies would invent a message for them. It is just so fascinating to impart a twist of meaning to a couple of pants so that the pubic can identify them with a particular style or trend. This is the age of individualisation and customization, and clothing manufacturers do not want to stay behind. They want to make their product specific and readily recognizable – and they do everything they can to appeal to their target audience with a specific message. For instance, Levis are now seen as a traditional American outfit, something that brings one back to the times of life on the frontier or something that our grandparents wore. Gap, on the contrary, is a more youthful, girlish look, and so is Miss Sixty. This process can be described as branding, a concept familiar to every marketer who knows that if a piece of clothing does not send a message, it is the job of the marketer to invent this message and make sure the potential buyers are able to recognise it. The marketers’ task is to plant in the mind of the consumer the idea that carrying a certain brand is linked to a philosophy, that a company does not stand merely for a set of machines with workers as appendages, that it can develop and sustain an ideology embodied in a simple pair of jeans. What kind of messages can jeans send out? First, a person can opt for a traditional or a modern design, underscoring the level of commitment to modernity and change. It is most often natural for older people to choose traditional fashion, classical fits that will last for many years without violating the norms of fashion. The young, on the contrary, will most often wear the fashions of this very season in order to underscore that they are at the forefront of fashion. When, for instance, an older person may opt for a more modern cut going to a youth venue for some reason. This can send out a message to the younger crowd that this person wants to be in many ways like them and share their experiences in different possible ways. Then there is the question to be solved as to how much sex appeal the jeans should hold. We all remember very well this trend towards super-tight men’s jeans that mostly young guys wore partly because it was fashionable and partly because they wanted to demonstrate their attractions to the opposite sex. Girls can also wear tight jeans or choose those that are very low-cut to emphasize their appeal. As with revealing clothing in general, a person wearing such clothing demonstrates that he or she is very confident of one’s ability to attract other people and happy or at least not shameful of one’s figure. This is not always the case, and those who think their bodies are distasteful are not likely to choose jeans that will reveal a large part of it. Another message linked to wearing sexy jeans is the manifestation of the desire to be liked by the opposite sex. Surely we all or almost all have this desire, but not everybody would dare to reveal it in public, either in words or in clothing. Many people are wary of being too open about this inner drive and try to suppress it as something indecent. The individual who chooses to demonstrate this natural instinct is sending a message to representatives of the opposite sex: â€Å"Look at me, I want you to appreciate me. Am I not good-looking? † Tight jeans will almost surely make guys inspect a girl’s figure more closely than that of her more modest friends even if those look like top models. She will then attract more suitors – but at the same time risks incurring girls’ anger as they recognize that she is out on a hunt and will grab a fair share of what could have been their prey. Thus, wearing provocative jeans can also be a sign of daring, ability to defy social norms and to disregard the opinion of other people. Since in most cultures flirting is reserved for informal surroundings, a person who puts on a sexy-looking pair indicates that he or she believes to be in a setting where flirting is acceptable and one can expect to find a partner. Few people would seriously consider putting on provocative jeans on a corporate outing since this would send the wrong message to the colleagues. Besides, jeans can look either sophisticated or sloppy, and this distinction, too, is meaningful. A person may choose to look sloppy in order to underscore the informality of the situation and to make others feel at ease. This effect can occur when, for instance, an official or top-level executive invents a little outing with subordinates and wants to appear in the image of a simple, down-to-earth man attentive to their needs and feelings. Choice of an upscale-looking, elegant pair of jeans may not be quite the right choice since this will remind the inferiors once again about the difference in the social status between them and their boss. A casual, sloppy pair will be more acceptable.

Normative Economics

Republican and democratic candidates in the upcoming elections have tabled proposals on how to reform healthcare in the country. They all agree on need for reforms but differ on the proposed action. The debate has been sparked by reports indicating that many Americans are uninsured. According to U.S census bureau, 47 million Americans were uninsured in 2006 up from 44.8 million in 2005. An increase of 22 million or 15.8%.The proportion of the insured by government schemes also went down from 27.3% to 27.0% in that year (www.census.gov 2007).   A report by families USA puts the figures much higher. It indicates that 89.6 million Americans below 65 years of age were uninsured at time in the last two years. (www.familiesusa.org) These figures show that there really is a health insurance crisis in the country. This is by far biggest subject of the health reform debate in the country.Republicans propose that the government provide incentives for the poor to get private life insurance. T hey oppose government playing on active role in provision of insurance cover. The Democrats on their part advocate for a universal health care plan. Their proposals require that everybody must get covered.Thesis Democrats have a better health reform agenda than the Republicans. The Democrats proposal to make health care affordable and accessible to all Americans is better than the republican proposal, which offer, subsidizes low-income families.  Proponent’s Position.Democrats propose that to reform the health sector the government must come in to promote accessibility by all Americans through universal coverage. (www.democrats.org, 2007)Opponent’s PositionRepublicans emphasize on reforms in healthcare based on free market principles they would offer incentives to the people to taking private life insurance policies. (www.gop.com, 2007)Proponent’s PositionDemocrats have come up with a plan that ensures that everybody is covered and paying a premium that is wit hin their means. They support a universal health care plan. The health plan targets the uninsured and those not satisfied with their current insurance. Senator Hillary’s American Health Choices Plan requires that the government and big employees make contribution to the employee’s health plan. Small businesses on their part will be let off. They wont contribute but will in fact receive tax credits so that they are able to cover their employees.Under the AHCP, insurance and drug companies will use be highly regulated. Insurance companies will not deny anybody cover due to a pre-existing condition for they foresee somebody falling sick. The drug manufacturers will be pushed to lower the cost of medication. She identifies the greed of these two industries as a major limiting factor to affordable health care for all.In the AHCP, individuals must get insured. It is called ‘choices’ plan as it allows one to choose whether to retain current cover or get into the one provided by government. Individuals will pay a premium that is within their means. To keep the premiums low, they will be capped to correspond to individual’s income. This way nobody will be required to pay more than they can afford. The plan also avails tax credit to working families. That way, they are able to access quality insurance cover. The plan also aims at expanding Medicaid and children’s health insurance program to reach more people.John Edwards, another Democratic candidate unveiled almost similar plan to that of Senator Clinton. It also agitates for universal coverage with employers to government making contribution. The plan is also mandatory for all Americans. (johnedwards.com, 2007). To fund these grand plans, the candidates have indicated that they will rescind tax breaks and subsidies to insurance providers. Senator Clinton also requires that large employers make contribution towards their employee’s health cover. Her plan also emphasizes o n cost cutting through increased efficiency and use of preventive medicationStrengths of The Democrats’ Proposal.The proposed universal health care plans ensures that everybody affords insurance cover Senator Clinton’s AHCP ensures that every body is covered and paying an affordable premium. It makes it mandatory for all people to get health insurance coverage but allows them the choice of their policy. This way it does not force one in to buying insurance cover they are not comfortable with.The proposed plan also ensures that nobody is denied insurance coverage. Insurance providers are obliged to provide cover for all without discrimination on the grounds of a pre-existing condition or in anticipation of illness. This brings in a big number of people who were shunned by insurance companies due to condition such as schizophrenia and HIV/ AIDS. (www.democrats.org, 2007)The plan does not require small businesses to contribute to the universal health care plan rather it g rants them tax credits. This way the employees of these small businesses stay afloat. This will be incentive for small businesses to expand.The AHCP also emphasizes on cost cutting in health care. It champions preventive measures that are cheaper than curative medication. It also champions greater efficiency and modernization in health care delivery that would bring down costsWeaknessesThe universal health plan requires huge funding and this may result to higher taxes for the American public. Senator Clinton puts the cost of her plan at $110 billion while John Edward put his at $120 billion. The figure is tentative and might go higher than that. The planned source may also not deliver as much funds as projected senator Clintons plan to generate savings by boosting efficiency may also not generate enough funds. This would leave only the options of a tax rise as John Edwards concedes. (www.ontheissue.org) Higher taxes will burden the public further and will not be welcome.Government i nvolvement will cause inefficiencies in service delivery. Government involvement will only lead to a huge bureaucracy with a lot of red tape. This might aggravate the crisis. Without a profit motive, he plan might offer sluggish and poor quality servicesOpponents’ positionRepublican candidates propose that the government subsidize low-income families to help them access health care rather than providing a universal plan as a way to enhance accessibility. The Republican are opposed to government involvement in provision of health insurance. (www.gop.com, 2007)Rudy Giuliani, a Republican candidate in his plan offers tax deductions of $15,000 to families and $7500 for individuals. These deductions will enable families to access health care. He also proposes to give families and individuals vouchers to buy policies. He would encourage individuals buy covers of their choice as a way to make savings. Individuals would have to pay for minor check-ups as they would to their cars. He also stressed the need for people to take care of their health and not leave it to the government. (Elliott, Philip, 2007)Mitt Romney is agitating for individuals to purchase private insurance. He stresses that government interference will worsen the situation. He proposed tax breaks but not universal coverage plan. That would push up taxes. (www.ontheissues.org, 2007)The Republican propose that health insurance should be left to individual’s choices rather than employer and government schemes. They offer what they call an American solution to the problem. They stand for free market principles and are opposed to socialist tendencies in health care. They do not require that everybody must have health insurance cover. They justify try to create an incentive for individuals to join.Strengths of The Republicans proposals The Republican proposals ensure that the freedom of choice of consumers is safeguarded. Since they know their health better, individuals will decide on which pol icy in the market suits them best.Health saving plans as proposed by republicans will encourage individuals to save for future health expenses. This will promote more health lifestyle among the people. The insured gain more control over the financing of their health care.Tax deductions and vouchers would enable a big number of people to access quality health care. Neither would they disrupt health care delivery the way universal plan would. These fiscal measures are actually being implemented and would not be experimental.The republican proposals are business friendly in that they do not require large employers to make huge contributions to their employee’s health coversThey also come up with a health care service that is free of long bureaucratic procedures. Different insurance providers will compete to provide the most efficient and customer friendly covers. (www.joinrudy2008.com)WeaknessesThe republicans fail to address the issue rising medical costs and rising insurance p remiums. They give the insurance companies a free hand that results in only higher policies.The subsidies offered may not be adequate to male health insurance cover affordable to all people. This will lead to part of the population remaining uncovered.Most of the proposals made are similar to those implemented under the Bush administration. They are not offering any new solutions to the persisting problems of skyrocketing premiums and medical costs. They emphasize on free market principles that have put the countries in its current predicament.  The republican proposals do not tackle the issue of discrimination by the insurance industry insurance providers are not obligated to cover people with pre-existing conditions. Vouchers will not be of any use to such people as they will not get covers anywayConclusionThe democrats’ health agenda is definitely better than the republican agenda on health. It talks the failures of the healthcare system in place today. The democrats hav e tabled plans on how to make health care more affordable and accessible that are more convincing. They require that every body be covered while leaving rooms for choice on the policy. Their plan covers everybody and also ensures that the premiums are affordable.The net wise in taxes will not be huge as the cost of not implementing the plan. When sick people cannot pay for their health cover the community will have to bear the burden.Universal coverage has been implemented in other advanced countries and would also improve health care in the US.References:Highlights, 2007. Health insurance coverage: 2006. Retrieved on 04/10/07A Healthcare That Works for Everybody, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.democrats.org/a/national/affordable_health_care/Making Healthcare Affordable to all Americans, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.gop.com/Issues/HealthCare/American Health Choices Plan, 2007. Hillary for president. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.hillaryclinton.com/fe ature/healthcareplan/summary.aspxHealthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://johnedwards.com/issues/health-care/Mayor Rudy Giuliani’s health plan, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment.php?num=7Mitt Romney on Healthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.ontheissues.org/2008/Mitt_Romney_Health_Care.htmElliott, Philip, 2007. Giuliani: Dems Want Nanny Government. Retrieved on 04/10/07 from  Ã‚   http://apnews.myway.com/article/20070730/D8QN4AHO0.html Normative Economics Republican and democratic candidates in the upcoming elections have tabled proposals on how to reform healthcare in the country. They all agree on need for reforms but differ on the proposed action. The debate has been sparked by reports indicating that many Americans are uninsured. According to U.S census bureau, 47 million Americans were uninsured in 2006 up from 44.8 million in 2005. An increase of 22 million or 15.8%. The proportion of the insured by government schemes also went down from 27.3% to 27.0% in that year (www.census.gov 2007).   A report by families USA puts the figures much higher. It indicates that 89.6 million Americans below 65 years of age were uninsured at time in the last two years. (www.familiesusa.org) These figures show that there really is a health insurance crisis in the country. This is by far biggest subject of the health reform debate in the country.Republicans propose that the government provide incentives for the poor to get private life insurance. They oppose government playing on active role in provision of insurance cover. The Democrats on their part advocate for a universal health care plan. Their proposals require that everybody must get covered.ThesisDemocrats have a better health reform agenda than the Republicans. The Democrats proposal to make health care affordable and accessible to all Americans is better than the republican proposal, which offer, subsidizes low-income families.Proponent’s Position.Democrats propose that to reform the health sector the government must come in to promote accessibility by all Americans through universal coverage. (www.democrats.org, 2007)Opponent’s PositionRepublicans emphasize on reforms in healthcare based on free market principles they would offer incentives to the people to taking private life insurance policies. (www.gop.com, 2007)Proponent’s PositionDemocrats have come up with a plan that ensures that everybody is covered and paying a premium that is within their means. They support a universal health care plan. The health plan targets the uninsured and those not satisfied with their current insurance. Senator Hillary’s American Health Choices Plan requires that the government and big employees make contribution to the employee’s health plan. Small businesses on their part will be let off. They wont contribute but will in fact receive tax credits so that they are able to cover their employees.Under the AHCP, insurance and drug companies will use be highly regulated. Insurance companies will not deny anybody cover due to a pre-existing condition for they foresee somebody falling sick. The drug manufacturers will be pushed to lower the cost of medication. She identifies the greed of these two industries as a major limiting factor to affordable health care for all.  In the AHCP, individuals must get insured. It is called ‘choices’ plan as it allows one to choose whether to retain current cover or get into the one provided by government. Individuals will pay a premium that is within their means. To keep the premiums low, they will be capped to correspond to individual’s income. This way nobody will be required to pay more than they can afford. The plan also avails tax credit to working families. That way, they are able to access quality insurance cover. The plan also aims at expanding Medicaid and children’s health insurance program to reach more people.John Edwards, another Democratic candidate unveiled almost similar plan to that of Senator Clinton. It also agitates for universal coverage with employers to government making contribution. The plan is also mandatory for all Americans. (johnedwards.com, 2007). To fund these grand plans, the candidates have indicated that they will rescind tax breaks and subsidies to insurance providers. Senator Clinton also requires that large employers make contribution towards their employee’s health cover. Her plan also emphasizes o n cost cutting through increased efficiency and use of preventive medicationStrengths of The Democrats’ Proposal.The proposed universal health care plans ensures that everybody affords insurance cover Senator Clinton’s AHCP ensures that every body is covered and paying an affordable premium. It makes it mandatory for all people to get health insurance coverage but allows them the choice of their policy. This way it does not force one in to buying insurance cover they are not comfortable with.The proposed plan also ensures that nobody is denied insurance coverage. Insurance providers are obliged to provide cover for all without discrimination on the grounds of a pre-existing condition or in anticipation of illness. This brings in a big number of people who were shunned by insurance companies due to condition such as schizophrenia and HIV/ AIDS. (www.democrats.org, 2007)The plan does not require small businesses to contribute to the universal health care plan rather it g rants them tax credits. This way the employees of these small businesses stay afloat. This will be incentive for small businesses to expand.The AHCP also emphasizes on cost cutting in health care. It champions preventive measures that are cheaper than curative medication. It also champions greater efficiency and modernization in health care delivery that would bring down costsWeaknessesThe universal health plan requires huge funding and this may result to higher taxes for the American public. Senator Clinton puts the cost of her plan at $110 billion while John Edward put his at $120 billion. The figure is tentative and might go higher than that. The planned source may also not deliver as much funds as projected senator Clintons plan to generate savings by boosting efficiency may also not generate enough funds. This would leave only the options of a tax rise as John Edwards concedes. (www.ontheissue.org) Higher taxes will burden the public further and will not be welcome.Government i nvolvement will cause inefficiencies in service delivery. Government involvement will only lead to a huge bureaucracy with a lot of red tape. This might aggravate the crisis. Without a profit motive, he plan might offer sluggish and poor quality servicesOpponents’ positionRepublican candidates propose that the government subsidize low-income families to help them access health care rather than providing a universal plan as a way to enhance accessibility. The Republican are opposed to government involvement in provision of health insurance. (www.gop.com, 2007)Rudy Giuliani, a Republican candidate in his plan offers tax deductions of $15,000 to families and $7500 for individuals. These deductions will enable families to access health care. He also proposes to give families and individuals vouchers to buy policies. He would encourage individuals buy covers of their choice as a way to make savings. Individuals would have to pay for minor check-ups as they would to their cars. He also stressed the need for people to take care of their health and not leave it to the government. (Elliott, Philip, 2007)Mitt Romney is agitating for individuals to purchase private insurance. He stresses that government interference will worsen the situation. He proposed tax breaks but not universal coverage plan. That would push up taxes. (www.ontheissues.org, 2007)The Republican propose that health insurance should be left to individual’s choices rather than employer and government schemes. They offer what they call an American solution to the problem. They stand for free market principles and are opposed to socialist tendencies in health care. They do not require that everybody must have health insurance cover. They justify try to create an incentive for individuals to join.Strengths of The Republicans proposalsThe Republican proposals ensure that the freedom of choice of consumers is safeguarded. Since they know their health better, individuals will decide on which poli cy in the market suits them best.Health saving plans as proposed by republicans will encourage individuals to save for future health expenses. This will promote more health lifestyle among the people. The insured gain more control over the financing of their health care.Tax deductions and vouchers would enable a big number of people to access quality health care. Neither would they disrupt health care delivery the way universal plan would. These fiscal measures are actually being implemented and would not be experimental.The republican proposals are business friendly in that they do not require large employers to make huge contributions to their employee’s health coversThey also come up with a health care service that is free of long bureaucratic procedures. Different insurance providers will compete to provide the most efficient and customer friendly covers. (www.joinrudy2008.com)WeaknessesThe republicans fail to address the issue rising medical costs and rising insurance pr emiums. They give the insurance companies a free hand that results in only higher policies.The subsidies offered may not be adequate to male health insurance cover affordable to all people. This will lead to part of the population remaining uncovered.Most of the proposals made are similar to those implemented under the Bush administration. They are not offering any new solutions to the persisting problems of skyrocketing premiums and medical costs. They emphasize on free market principles that have put the countries in its current predicament.The republican proposals do not tackle the issue of discrimination by the insurance industry insurance providers are not obligated to cover people with pre-existing conditions. Vouchers will not be of any use to such people as they will not get covers anywayConclusionThe democrats’ health agenda is definitely better than the republican agenda on health. It talks the failures of the healthcare system in place today. The democrats have tab led plans on how to make health care more affordable and accessible that are more convincing. They require that every body be covered while leaving rooms for choice on the policy. Their plan covers everybody and also ensures that the premiums are affordable.The net wise in taxes will not be huge as the cost of not implementing the plan. When sick people cannot pay for their health cover the community will have to bear the burden.Universal coverage has been implemented in other advanced countries and would also improve health care in the US.References:Highlights, 2007. Health insurance coverage: 2006. Retrieved on 04/10/07 from   http://www.census.gov/hhes/www/hlthins/hlthin06/hlth06asc.htmlA Healthcare That Works for Everybody, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.democrats.org/a/national/affordable_health_care/Making Healthcare Affordable to all Americans, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.gop.com/Issues/HealthCare/American Health Choices Plan, 2007. Hillary for pr esident. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.hillaryclinton.com/feature/healthcareplan/summary.aspxHealthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://johnedwards.com/issues/health-care/Mayor Rudy Giuliani’s health plan, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.joinrudy2008.com/commitment.php?num=7Mitt Romney on Healthcare, 2007. Retrieved on 04/10/07 fromhttp://www.ontheissues.org/2008/Mitt_Romney_Health_Care.htmElliott, Philip, 2007. Giuliani: Dems Want Nanny Government. Retrieved on 04/10/07 from  Ã‚   http://apnews.myway.com/article/20070730/D8QN4AHO0.html

Cholesterol Research Paper

By: Diana Rivera| | Cholesterol is a fatty, soft substance found in all of your body. The body needs it to work properly such as holding cells together and to also make hormones such as estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, vitamin D, and substances to help you digest foods. They body actually makes most of what it needs in the liver and the rest comes from food you eat such as meats, fish, eggs, butter, and whole milk. Bad cholesterol is considered when too much cholesterol circulates in the blood, it slowly builds up in the inner walls of the arteries which feeds the brain and heart.This can cause plaque when it comes together with other substances making it less flexible and narrowing the artery. If a clot is forms in a narrow artery this can cause a heart attack or stroke. The good cholesterol acts like scavengers in your body by picking up any excessive cholesterol and taking it back to the liver. Having high levels of good cholesterol also prevents you from having heart attack. Whe n blood is collected the test tube is then placed in a centrifuge, which separates the whole blood from the plasma.The blood cell settles at the bottom of the test tube, and the plasma spins to the top, if cholesterol is detected you will see a fatty, thick substance, this test will be considered a qualitative test. There is a variety of factors that can influence blood cholesterol levels which include your diet, weight, exercise, age and gender, diabetes, heredity and certain medications or medical conditions. Cholesterol can’t be dissolved in the blood; they have to be transported to and from the cells by special carriers called lipoprotein.There are two types of lipoprotein one of them is the Low-Density Lipoproteins which are known as the bad cholesterol that a physician will advise you to keep low. When low-density lipoprotein is at a high level it combines with other substances and form plaque in your arteries. This will slow your blood flow to heart, brain, and other o rgans in your body which can cause blood clots. The range for low-density lipoprotein is more than 100 and border risk line is 130 and more than 190.Our body also has high-density lipoprotein which is good cholesterol; our body produces for our protection. They get their name because they are thought to carry excess cholesterol away from arteries to the liver, which the body can eliminate. Those who have higher levels of HDL have fewer problems with cardiovascular disease, while other with lower levels has increased for heart disease. Some things you can do if your HDL is low are aerobic exercise, quit smoking and having a good healthy weight.Triglycerides are a type of lipid found in the bloods which are used as a source of energy after being converted by the liver. They are the end product of digesting and breaking down fats in meals. Triglycerides is developed from fatty acids found in foods and they are transported by the LDL. Normal levels are below 150, levels of 200 are high. Over all maintain a good healthy lifestyle can help you balance your cholesterol and reduce your risk for heart disease or even a stroke. Many people have dealt with having chronic high blood cholesterol levels.